We conducted a single-institution retrospective analysis that included 86 NHL patients with the aim of identifying an association between cancer cachexia and outcomes in aggressive lymphomas using the cachexia index (CXI) suggested by Jafri et al. Clinical parameters for measurement of cancer cachexia are needed. Identifying the association between cancer cachexia and outcomes may pave the way for novel agents that target the cancer cachexia process. Identifying and understanding the definite pathways connecting obesity with the onset and progression of different forms of hematological malignancies could enable the implementation of various therapeutic interventions including simple dietary modifications, utilization of well-known drugs used for other diseases (metformin, statins, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), as well as novel drugs directed against specific cellular targets.Ĭancer cachexia is defined as a state of involuntary weight loss, attributed to altered body composition with muscle mass loss and/or loss of adiposity. The major mechanisms linking obesity and blood cancers include changes in the secretion of adipokines and altered insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and lipid signalling, as well as dyslipidemia and increased inflammatory activity. Current data suggest a causal relationship between obesity and different forms of hematological malignancies. Hematological malignancies are forms of cancer originating from hematopoietic cells including cells of the immune system. Other disorders which are characteristic of obesity, such as alterations in the function of other endocrine systems and changes in microbiota, could also contribute to the elevated cancer risk.

Hyperinsulinemia, lipid disorders, and chronic inflammation follow, providing an ideal environment for the initiation and promotion of cancer. Excessive accumulation of visceral adipose tissue results in its altered secretory function. It contributes to the development of several major illnesses, including Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and various types of cancer. Obesity has reached pandemic proportions and represents a major global health issue.

Obesity is the result of excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, and positive energy balance is the dominant cause of obesity.

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